# Sermorelin References: The Cited GHRH(1-29) Literature

> Sermorelin references: the full citation list behind this digest — PubMed-indexed trials, pharmacokinetic studies, editorials, and recent reviews on GHRH(1-29), with DOIs and PMIDs.

Every figure in this digest, sourced to a PubMed-indexed study, with DOI and PMID.

## About these references

The sermorelin references below are the complete citation set behind this digest. They span the pediatric GH-deficiency efficacy program, the aging GH/IGF-1 studies in older men, the pharmacokinetic and route-comparison work, the physiologic-secretagogue and anti-aging-caution editorials, and the 2025-2026 reviews on GHRH analogues, gray-market product quality, and antidoping. Each carries a DOI and a PubMed (PMID) link. The numbering matches the inline [N] markers used across [the research summary](/research), [sermorelin side effects in the literature](/side-effects), [sermorelin half-life and pharmacokinetics](/half-life), and the [doses used in the research literature](/dosage).

## References

[1] Granata R, Leone S, Zhang X, Gesmundo I, Steenblock C, Cai R, Sha W, Ghigo E, Hare JM, Bornstein SR, Schally AV. Growth hormone-releasing hormone and its analogues in health and disease. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2025. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39537825/
[2] Thorner M, Rochiccioli P, Colle M, Lanes R, Grunt J, Galazka A, Landy H, Eengrand P, Shah S. Once daily subcutaneous growth hormone-releasing hormone therapy accelerates growth in growth hormone-deficient children during the first year of therapy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1996;81(3):1189-96. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8772599/
[3] Corpas E, Harman SM, Pineyro MA, Roberson R, Blackman MR. Growth hormone (GH)-releasing hormone-(1-29) twice daily reverses the decreased GH and insulin-like growth factor-I levels in old men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1992;75(2):530-535. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1379256/
[4] Walker RF. Sermorelin: a better approach to management of adult-onset growth hormone insufficiency? Clin Interv Aging. 2006;1(4):307-308. (Mechanism and feedback-preservation framing.) https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18046908/
[5] Wilton P, Chardet Y, Danielson K, Widlund L, Gunnarsson R. Pharmacokinetics of growth hormone-releasing hormone(1-29)-NH2 and stimulation of growth hormone secretion in healthy subjects after intravenous or intranasal administration. Acta Paediatr Suppl. 1993;388:10-15. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8329825/
[6] Blackman MR. Use of growth hormone secretagogues to prevent or treat the effects of aging: not yet ready for prime time. Ann Intern Med. 2008;149(9):677-9. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18981489/
[7] Walker RF. Sermorelin: a better approach to management of adult-onset growth hormone insufficiency? Clin Interv Aging. 2006;1(4):307-308. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18046908/
[8] Baker LD, Barsness SM, Borson S, Merriam GR, Friedman SD, Craft S, Vitiello MV. Effects of growth hormone-releasing hormone on cognitive function in adults with mild cognitive impairment and healthy older adults: results of a controlled trial. Arch Neurol. 2012;69(11):1420-1429. NCT00257712. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22869065/
[9] Granata R, et al. Growth hormone-releasing hormone and its analogues in health and disease. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2025. (2025 synthesis of GHRH-analogue biology.) https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39537825/
[10] Granata R, et al. Growth hormone-releasing hormone and its analogues in health and disease. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2025. (Reference for GHRH-analogue formulation context; lyophilization and reconstitution per USP <797> compounding standards.) https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39537825/
[11] Coutinho LFD, De Oliveira Neves LF, Camilo RP. A new era of doping? Use of peptide and peptide-analog drugs in recreational and professional sport and bodybuilding: a critical review. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2026. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41880199/
[12] Mendias CL, Awan TM. Safety and Efficacy of Approved and Unapproved Peptide Therapies for Musculoskeletal Injuries and Athletic Performance. Sports Med. 2026. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41966639/
[13] Villegas Meza AD, et al. Injectable Peptides in Sports Medicine: A Structured Narrative Review of Evidence, Safety, and Antidoping Implications. JBJS Rev. 2026. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42160466/
[14] Hümmelink R, et al. Intranasal administration of growth hormone-releasing hormone(1-29)-NH2 in children with growth hormone deficiency: effects on growth hormone secretion and growth. Acta Paediatr Suppl. 1993;388:23-6; discussion 27. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8329828/
[15] Vance ML, Evans WS, Kaiser DL, et al. The effect of intravenous, subcutaneous, and intranasal GH-RH analog, [Nle27]GHRH(1-29)-NH2, on growth hormone secretion in normal men: dose-response relationships. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1986;40:627-33. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3096623/
[16] Tauber MT, Pienkowski C, Pigeon P, et al. Growth hormone (GH) profiles in response to continuous subcutaneous infusion of GH-releasing hormone(1-29)-NH2 in children with GH deficiency. Acta Paediatr Suppl. 1993;388:28-30; discussion 31. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8329829/
[17] Blackman MR. Use of growth hormone secretagogues to prevent or treat the effects of aging: not yet ready for prime time. Ann Intern Med. 2008;149(9):677-9. (Regulatory and anti-aging-caution context for sermorelin's 2008 commercial withdrawal.) https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18981489/

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A frosted-glass reading of the sermorelin record — each GHRH(1-29) figure floated in its own panel and carried back to its study, the reported effects framed plainly beside where the long-term adult data genuinely thin, and the body-composition findings marked as tesamorelin where they belong; no clinic behind the glass and nothing here compounded, dosed, prescribed, or sold.